Printing refers to the technology of transferring ink to the surface of paper, fabric, leather and other materials through plate making, inking and pressurization. There are many forms, such as traditional offset printing, screen printing and digital printing. Therefore, the printing process is divided into three stages.

印刷三个阶段：

There are three stages of printing:

印前→指印刷前期的工作，一般指摄影、设计、制作、排版、输出菲林打样等；

Prepress → refers to the work in the early stage of printing, generally including photography, design, production, typesetting, output film proofing, etc;

印中→指印刷中期的工作，通过印刷机印刷出成品的过程；

Printing → refers to the work in the middle of printing and the process of printing finished products through the printing press;

印后→指印刷后期的工作，一般指印刷品的后加工包括过胶（覆膜）、过UV、过油、啤、烫金、击凸、装裱、装订、裁切等，多用于宣传类和包装类印刷品。

Post press → refers to the work in the later stage of printing, generally refers to the post-processing of printed matter, including gluing (laminating), UV, oil, beer, bronzing, embossing, mounting, binding, cutting, etc., which is mostly used for publicity and packaging printed matter.

印刷是一种对原稿图文信息的复制技术，它的特点是，能够把原稿上的图文信息大量、经济地再现在各种各样的承印物上，可以说，而其成品还可以广泛的流传和保存，这是电影、电视、照相等其它复制技术无法与之相比的。

Printing is a reproduction technology of original graphic information. Its characteristic is that it can reproduce a large number of graphic information on the original on a variety of substrates economically. It can be said that its finished products can also be widely spread and preserved, which can not be compared with other reproduction technologies such as film, television and photography.

印刷品的生产，一般要经过原稿的选择或设计、原版制作、印版晒制、印刷、印后加工等五个工艺过程。也就是说，选择或设计适合印刷的原稿，然后对原稿的图文信息进行处理，制作出供晒版或雕刻印版的原版（一般叫阳图或阴图底片），再用原版制出供印刷用的印版，把印版安装在印刷机上，利用输墨系统将油墨涂敷在印版表面，由压力机械加压，油墨便从印版转移到承印物上，如此复制的大量印张，经印后加工，便成了适应各种使用目的成品。

The production of printed matter generally goes through five processes: original selection or design, original production, printing plate drying, printing and post printing processing. In other words, first select or design the original suitable for printing, then process the graphic information of the original, make the original for printing or engraving (generally called positive or negative negative negative), then make the printing plate for printing with the original, install the printing plate on the printing machine, apply the ink on the surface of the printing plate by the ink conveying system, and pressurize it by the pressure machine, The ink is transferred from the printing plate to the substrate. A large number of copies are processed after printing, and become finished products suitable for various purposes.

现在，人们常常把原稿的设计、图文信息处理、制版统称为印前处理，而把印版上的油墨向承印物上转移的过程叫做印刷，这样一件印刷品的完成需要经过印前处理、印刷、印后加工等过程。

Now, people often call the original design, graphic information processing and plate making collectively as prepress processing, and the process of transferring the ink on the printing plate to the substrate is called printing. The completion of such a printed matter needs to go through the processes of prepress processing, printing and post press processing.

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